Elbow Replacement Surgery
Elbow joint replacement for chronic pain and limited mobility.
Elbow replacement surgery replaces the damaged joint surfaces of the elbow with an artificial implant, used for severe arthritis or joint damage that significantly limits movement and causes persistent pain. It is less commonly performed than hip or knee replacement, generally reserved for more severe or specific cases where other treatment has not been effective.
Types
Total Elbow Replacement
Both sides of the elbow joint are replaced, used for advanced arthritis affecting the whole joint.
Radial Head Replacement
Only the radial head component of the elbow is replaced, often used following certain elbow fractures.
Revision Elbow Replacement
A repeat procedure for a previous elbow implant that has failed or loosened.
Common Causes
Elbow replacement is considered when arthritis or significant joint damage has caused pain and stiffness that non-surgical treatment can no longer manage.
- Rheumatoid arthritis - a common reason for elbow replacement, since it frequently affects this joint significantly.
- Severe osteoarthritis of the elbow.
- Complex elbow fractures where the joint surface cannot be reliably reconstructed.
- Post-traumatic arthritis developing after a previous elbow injury.
- Failed previous elbow surgery.
Signs and Symptoms
- Persistent elbow pain limiting daily use of the arm
- Significant stiffness affecting bending and straightening the elbow
- Weakness affecting grip and lifting ability
- Instability or a feeling of the joint giving way
- Pain that has not responded to medication, injections, or physiotherapy
Diagnosis
X-rays showing joint damage or fracture, combined with a clinical assessment of elbow movement, stability, and pain, guide the decision toward elbow replacement when appropriate.
Treatment Approach
The procedure replaces the damaged joint surfaces with implant components designed to restore pain-free movement. Because the elbow bears less overall body weight than the hip or knee, activity restrictions after replacement tend to be more significant, particularly around heavy lifting. Dr. K. G. Gopalakrishna discusses these considerations individually before recommending elbow replacement.
Please note: This page is for general information only and does not replace a proper medical evaluation. Every case is different, and the underlying cause of your symptoms may not match what is described here. Please do not use this page to self-diagnose - consult Dr. K. G. Gopalakrishna or another qualified orthopaedic specialist for an accurate diagnosis specific to you.
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Last reviewed: August 2026